(i) Core-shell hybrid nanomaterials
       Nanoscale magnetism has stimulated great interest due to its importance in mapping the scaling limits of magnetic information storage technology and understanding spin dependent transport phenomena. Recent progress in the production of nearly monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles from metal, metal oxide or intermatellic compounds provides various systems suitable for nanomagnetic studies. An assembly of monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles with controlled interparticle spacing will allow detailed studies on magnetization, anisotropy, as well as magnetization reversal processes and interparticle interactions of the particles with different sizes and surface properties. An interesting magnetic nanoparticle system is that of core/shell structured nanoparticles in which the magnetic core is coated with a layer of a nonmagnetic, antiferromagnetic, or ferro/ferri-magnetic shell. A nonmagnetic coating is used routinely for magnetic core stabilization and surface functionalization for biomedical applications. An antiferromagnetic coating over a ferromagnetic core leads to exchange bias (a shift of the hysteresis loop along the field axis), and improvements in the thermal stability of the core. The intimate contact between the core and shell of bimagnetic core/shell, (both core and shell are strongly magnetic) leads to effective exchange coupling and therefore cooperative magnetic switching, facilitating the fabrication of nanostructured magnetic materials with tunable properties. In spite of the merits of these core-shells, yet there is no well-established method for fabrication of core-shell hybrid nanomaterials. Hence, these are currently the subject of intense research focusing on their synthesis, characterization and functionalization for specific applications in the field of magnetic storage and nanobiosensors.
       (ii) Ultrahydrophobic nanomaterials
       Hybrid nanomaterials having ultra hydrophobic properties are attractive options for outdoor applications due to their excellent properties and unlimited possibility of tailoring their chemical, physical and processing behaviour to meet the demand in today?s world. The seal/coating of these materials guard the substrate such as roof, windowsills, body of automobiles and sophisticated scientific and clinical tools by providing strong water repellant characteristics, thus providing an economical way to improve the appearance of the surface as well as giving long lifetime, while maintaining the investment. In order to render hybrid nanomaterials as smart water repellant coating for future, they must typically be engineered at a molecular level. The development of new chemical structure, creating novel interfaces and new cross-linking mechanism is one of the primary variables in making such novel ultra hydrophobic hybrid materials.
       (iii) Sunscreen Nanomaterials
       Sunscreen nanomaterials of TiO2 coated with ZnO combine the property of absorbing UV and giving a gloss to the lotion. This work represents a novel concept for surface modification/encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles by organic system or inorganic system and development of ultra hydrophobic hybrid nanomaterials. The simplicity, reproducibility, scalability and environmentally friendly nature of surfactant mediated solution-based chemical routes will be employed to prepare these classes hybrid nanomaterials to open up the possibility of significant enhancement of the macroscopic properties, which is almost impossible or difficult to achieve by traditional methods. The macroscopic properties of a hybrid are governed by the rule of mixture, which fails when interfacial interactions between components begin to affect global properties. In this proposal as our main target in length scale of the component in a few nanometer ranges, the expected global properties will be predominantly affected by strong interfacial interactions rather than by bulk phase properties and tailoring the surface structure on a nanometer scale can dramatically alter the macroscopic properties hybrid materials to achieve our goal. More specifically, as part of this work we shall make an endeavor to fabricate new hybrid nanomaterials, their processing, characterization, and simulation for novel scientific and clinical applications.